UPSC CSE Mains Exam consists of a total of 9 Papers which include 2 Language Papers (qualifying in nature), 1 Essay Paper, 4 GS Papers (GS-I, GS-II, GS-III & GS-IV) and 2 Optional Subject Papers. Out of all these papers, Ethics is part of the GS-IV Paper.

Ethics Paper (GS-IV) was introduced in 2013 but still is shrouded in mystery. Because there is no single good book that explains basics authoritatively, partly because the syllabus itself can be understood broadly, and partly because most of us lack a solid foundation in ethics due to the lack of a directly applicable college course.

To clear up any misconceptions students may have regarding Ethics study material and strategy for preparing the subject, we have produced this article, which lists some typical study material sources to be referred to as well as a plan of action that you can follow to prepare for an ethics paper.

This paper contains questions designed to assess candidates' attitudes and approaches to issues of integrity, probity in public life, and his/her problem-solving approach to various difficulties and conflicts encountered while interacting with society. To determine these aspects, questions may employ the case study approach.

Ethics Study Material for UPSC CSE Mains Exam

Lexicon is the starting point for most aspirants. Following that, the following logical steps may be taken: -

Ø  Papers from the previous year - It is the most reliable source for understanding the scope of the syllabus and the kind of questions given.

Ø   Preparing from the study material provided by the institute.

 Class notes vary depending on the background of the teacher. Teachers of ethics typically come from one of three backgrounds: philosophy, psychology, or public administration. They all bring their own point of view, which is both valuable and limiting.  Idea is to incorporate each one's expertise into the content.

Ø  In terms of conventionally published books, many people prefer Subba Rao's work because it provides a reasonably balanced approach between theory and practice. There are three types of authors in this field: successful candidates who have produced books based on their experiences, university professors and academics who have written books, and practitioners such as serving bureaucrats. There is also a collection of articles, essays, and speeches written by a group of the three mentioned above. Each sort of book has advantages and disadvantages. The challenge in ethics is that notes and materials become fast outdated as the question paper format evolves year after year. What works today may not work tomorrow. So, pick your book wisely.

Ø   Internet - There are numerous sources available, some of which are highly appealing. Harvard Professor Michael Sandel teaches a course called Justice. It's an excellent series of video lectures that introduce the uninitiated to the world of ethics. YouTube has a variety of topical videos. Various Western governments and agencies, such as the OECD and the UN, have their own documents, kits, and reports (such as the UK's Nolan and Cadbury committees etc).

Ø  The Indian government has issued reports such as the Second ARC. From an Indian perspective, the DoPT has issued a useful manual on ethics for civil personnel. Home Ministry and DARPG both have manuals. So, read over past year's ethics papers, take note of any changes, and choose your study material accordingly.

How to Prepare an Ethics Paper for the UPSC CSE Mains Exam and Get a High Score

Ø  The first and most crucial method is to practise with case studies. To begin, study a lot of case studies; you will note that each situation necessitates a different decision-making or reaction than the others. The methodology of the case study will vary based on the context. The case study style is a common teaching tool in fields such as commerce, health, military strategy, and law. Each of them has a distinct style. Because civil service is a recent entrant in India, its format is not yet codified.

The goal is to be aware of numerous ways of writing case study responses and to be adaptable enough to use them correctly here.

In situational case studies, practical responses are valued more. Social awareness is tested more in social case studies, although administrative mind application is tested in some case studies. Read some fundamental literature on SWOT analysis, stakeholder analysis, and other topics that will help you understand the case studies.

Ø  Second, while reading the newspaper, try to focus on the behaviour of the many people involved. Everything boils down to three factors: stakeholders, communication, and decision-making.

Ø  The trick is to keep resources to a minimum and concentrate on what is necessary. And it is here that the prior year's papers come in handy.

Ø  In addition, regardless of the source used, the answer writing must be completed. It is all about articulation in ethics. It can only be enhanced via consistent writing practice.

Ø  Finally, remember that the examiner appreciates personal insight over academic understanding derived from books. As a result, attempt to generate your own examples, analysis, and comprehension.